FALL08-ITEC1001-14-Collaboration
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1843 World's First Computer Programmer Proclaimed
At the age of 27, Augusta Ada King, a.k.a. Lady Lovelace, wrote a paper of her expertise on the "process of sequencing instructions" of the Analytical Engine developed by Charles Babbage decades earlier. Inspired by the Analytical Engine, she closely followed Charles Babbage's innovations in computing until she became the only expert in understanding and depicting the process of this new dynamic machine.
--FeTausha McCoy 00:01, 26 August 2008 (EDT)
Resource: Britannica Online: The History of Computing
1936 Worlds first freely programmable computer
In 1936, Zuse made a mechanical calculator called the Z1, the first binary computer. Zuse used it to explore several groundbreaking technologies in calculator development: floating-point arithmetic, high-capacity memory and modules or relays operating on the yes/no principle. Zuse's ideas, not fully implemented in the Z1, succeeded more with each Z prototype.
--Joseph Dye 14:18, 11 September 2008 (EDT)
Resource: of the modern computer
1958 Integrated Circuits
Integrated circuits, otherwise knows as chips, or microchips, first successfully created by Jack Kilby in 1958, were small silicon chip with active devices on its surface called transistors, replaced bulky vacuum tubes in computers allowing them to contain much more information within a much smaller size. In the beginning the chips had a very small number of transistors, but the technology improved and now over a million transistors can fit on a single chip, allowing for much faster productivity in a very small space. It was because of the microchip that computers were able to transform from room sized boxes that could do little more than add and subtract numbers, to the computers of today.
Resource:[1]
Crussomano --Castle Russomano 13:02, 26 August 2008 (EDT)
1960 COBOL
- COBOL(COmmon Business Oriented Language) is a business language created to establish a commn application that has been used to standardize the industry. Dr. Grace Hopper considered "the mother of the COBOL language, headed the commitee that developed it. The specifications were inspired by Dr. Grace Hopper who invented the Flowmatic language and Bob Berner who invented the IBM Comtran language.The high-level business application is one of the oldest still in use. COBOL uses English -like phrases and and is used by business computers through out the world.
- Resources 1. Wikipedia 2. Discovering Computers Fundimentals Fourth Edition
--Yvonne Layer 23:59, 26 August 2008 (EDT)Yvonne Layer
1962 First Game
Invented by Steve Russell and a team of programers at MIT. Spacewars was the first computer game. It paved the way for most video games we have now. The first version took over 200 hours to write. Years have pass , but this will always be a milestone in computer history.
1963 The Mouse
Invented by Douglas Engalbart to help users navigate the GUI or Graphical User Interface quicker and easier. Instead of having to type commands to communicate with the computer you could used the mouse to point at an icon on the GUI and select it to execute the program. The mouse has changed over the years but still performs the same basic task of point and click.
--Nathaniel Hines 13:29, 26 August 2008 (EDT)
1963 ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange or ASCII allowed computers to be compatable with different types of data processors. ASCII has 128 strings ones and zeros that link together to form letters, numbers and punctuation. Each letter/symbol is assigned a number from 0-127. Before ASCII computers had no way of comunicating with each other. Essentially "functions as a common denominator between computers that otherwise have nothing in common"Inventors
-- Laine Wadsworth 22:45, 26 August 2008
1969 Arpanet The beginning of the Internet
Arpanet was the first wide area packet switching network, the "Eve" of todays modern internet. This was one of the biggest milestones in computing history. The ARPANET went into labor on August 30, 1969, when BBN delivered the first Interface Message Processor (IMP) to Leonard Kleinrock's Network Measurements Center at UCLA. The IMP was built from a Honeywell DDP 516 computer with 12K of memory, designed to handle the ARPANET network interface. Below is a picture of Leonard Kleinrock with the first IMP.
Resources:[2]
--Traci Henry 20:00, 25 August 2008 (EDT)
1970 The invention of DRAM
DRAM, which stands for Dynamic Random Access Memory was created by Dr. Robert H. Dennard. DRAM was a huge milestone for computers. DRAM was memory that could be used without accessing the other bytes or pieces of memory.
Before DRAM, DRUM memory was used. DRUM memory was extremely slow, and big! It used ferromagnetic materials for memory, and it could only access data in a sequential line, which is what made it so slow.
With the invention of DRAM came the means to create the RAM, and the excellent speed we are all used to having today.
--Melissa Wildes 16:57, 25 August 2008 (EDT)
Resources:
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First Microprcessor 1971
The first microprocessor was created in 1971 by Ted Hoff. He had an idea to improve and make a better version of the integrated chip. A Japanese company called BUSICOM funded the creation and research to make the microprocessor which Intel later bought back the rights to. This chip was designed to be an entire computer in itself. The first chip was called the 4004 and was 1/8" by 1/16" and had 2300 transistors etched into the cilicon used to make it. This tiny chip was more powerful than ENIAC which was created in 1946. This chip allowed for smaller more efficient computers.
--William Smith 18:28, 25 August 2008 (EDT)
Recources
1971, Invention of the Floppy Disk Drive
In 1971, IBM engineers, led by Alan Shugart, invented the floppy disk, a disk that computer data was written to and read from. The floppy was an 8-inch flexible plastic disk coated with magnetic iron oxide and held data on its surface (the first disk held 100 KBs). The floppy disk is considered revolutionary for its portability which has provided a convenient and easy way of transporting data from computer to computer.
Resource: The Invention of the Floppy Disk Drive
--Jincy George 19:38, 26 August 2008 (EDT)
1973-75 Ethernet Developed by Robert Metcalf
- Robert Metcalf develops Ethernet to make Local Area Networks (LANs) a possiblity. Through Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), Metcalf was given the task to "network" all the companies computers, allowing each computer access to the world's first laser printer Xerox developed. Metcalf developed a protocol to allow the computers and printer to communicate with each other. Ethernet is now the industry standard protocol for LANs. Tina M Ledford--Tina Ledford 14:07, 26 August 2008 (EDT)
Resources: [4]
1977 The Commodore PET released
The Commodore PET was the first personal computer released in 1977. Several more personal computers came later that same year. PET stands for personal electronic transactor. The Commodore PET came fully assembled and was self exlanatory to operate. It was available with either 4 or 8 kilobytes of memory. It also consists of two cassette drives that were already built into the computer and a membrane "chiclet" keyboard.This is the type of keyboard typically used today for the standard desktop computer. Resource:http://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/?year=1977 --Jessica Ragle 17:59, 26 August 2008 (EDT)Jessica Ragle
1990 The World Wide Web is born
Tim Berners Lee, a researcher at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland, developed HyperText Markup Language(HTML). It allowed the internet to expand into the World Wide Web, using tools such as URL(Uniform Resource Locator) and HTTP(HyperText Transfer Protocol). A browser, such as Netscape or Microsoft Internet Explorer, follows links and sends a message to a server, allowing a user to view a site
Berners Lee designed the first World Wide Web server and browser, which was available to the public in 1991. He also founded W3 Consortium, which coordinates World Wide Web Development. The World Wide Web is a vital component for the computer. It allows use to work, conduct research, and explore many different things on the Internet. The World Wide Web has become an important tool for businesses, personal blogs, and useful information.
--Rodney Griffin 19:04, 25 August 2008 (EDT)Rodney Griffin
Resources:Http://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/?category=net
1994 Yahoo is Founded
Jerry Yang and David Filo founded yahoo as what was originally named "Jerry's Guide to the World Wide Web". Yahoo is now known as one of the most commonly used and visited search engines in the world. Yahoo is also the host of millions of email accounts and gaming websites.
resource --Mason Henson 22:12, 26 August 2008 (EDT)
